The names that last are the killers'. The people who lived through them tend to fade into the court record as initials, as "the surviving witness," as the woman in the third row of the gallery. Yet again and again it was a survivor who supplied the description, the license plate, the face in the lineup or the voice on the stand that turned a run of unexplained deaths into a case a jury could decide. Some were never believed. Some were believed too late. At least one argued in public about what the state should do with the man who nearly killed him.
For almost five years, from 2001 to 2006, Alexander Pichushkin killed people in Bitsa Park, the long strip of forest on the southwestern edge of Moscow. Most of them were men, many of them older and many of them people he knew. In October 2007 a jury at the Moscow City Court found him guilty of 48 murders and 3 attempted murders, and he was sentenced to life. The three attempts were the people who got out.
One of them was Maria Viricheva. She was 19 and pregnant on February 23, 2002, when Pichushkin, a man she knew from the market where he worked, attacked her in Bitsa Park. She survived the night, and the next morning a woman nearby raised the alarm and two men helped her and called an ambulance, NEWS.ru reported in an April 2026 account of her life.
What happened next became one of the most damaging facts in the case. A district police officer persuaded her to put in writing that she had been hurt in an accident, and no criminal case was started. Pichushkin went on killing for four more years. After the verdict the city prosecutor, Yuri Syomin, said publicly that the killings might have been stopped earlier, and on October 10, 2007, the Investigative Committee started a criminal case against the officer, Vesti reported. On November 25, 2010, Vesti reported that a former police captain, a district officer, had been sentenced to three years in a penal colony for abuse of office: in February 2002 he had refused to open a case over Pichushkin’s attack on a woman, although she had given him enough to find and detain her attacker.
Viricheva gave birth to a daughter months after the attack. In 2007, about five years after that night, she was brought face to face with Pichushkin during the investigation. He knew her full name and age, and he told her she ought to be grateful, since he had made her part of Russian history, NEWS.ru reported. She now lives in Tatarstan and is raising three children.
The Associated Press reported in August 2007 that one of the three survivors had identified Pichushkin as his attacker. The jury’s verdict on all three attempts stood. The Supreme Court of Russia upheld his life sentence in February 2008, and in August 2026 Vesti reported that he was serving it at the Polar Owl colony in Kharp, beyond the Arctic Circle, while pressing a complaint to the Supreme Court over his request to be moved closer to Moscow.
Richard Ramirez entered homes across Los Angeles County at night in 1984 and 1985, and for months the people he attacked were the only ones who had seen him. In September 1989 a Los Angeles jury convicted him on all 43 counts tried: 13 murders, 5 attempted murders and a long list of rapes, sexual assaults and burglaries. The California Supreme Court’s 2006 opinion affirming the judgment reads in places like a roll call of survivors who came to court.
Maria Hernandez was the first. On March 17, 1985, in Rosemead, she was shot and survived; Dale Okazaki, who shared her home, was killed the same night. After Ramirez’s arrest she picked him out of a lineup, and she identified him again at trial.
On July 5, 1985, a 16-year-old girl was attacked in Sierra Madre and survived. The court identified her only by her first name and initial. Two days later, in Monterey Park, Joyce Nelson, 60, was killed. Prints from the same rare brand of athletic shoe linked both attacks to the series, as they linked case after case that year.
On August 5, 1985, in Northridge, Christopher and Virginia Petersen were both shot, and both survived. Virginia Petersen identified Ramirez at a lineup and again at trial, and the shootings became two of the attempted murder counts on which he was convicted.
The witness who did most to catch him was a boy. Late in August 1985, in Mission Viejo, in Orange County, James Romero, 13, saw a stooped man dressed mostly in black near his family’s home and watched him drive off in an orange Toyota station wagon. "He looked right at me," Romero told Los Angeles Magazine in 2017. He memorized part of the license plate. When police found the car, technicians lifted a single usable fingerprint from it, and the print gave detectives a name. On August 30 they released Ramirez’s photograph; the next morning residents of an East Los Angeles street caught him as he tried to take a car. Romero, then 17, spent about eight hours on the witness stand at the preliminary hearing in 1986. He told CBS Los Angeles in 2017 that testifying had frightened him, but that he was glad he had helped solve the case.
Ramirez was sentenced to death on November 7, 1989. He never reached the execution chamber. He died at Marin General Hospital on June 7, 2013, at 53, of complications of B-cell lymphoma, the Marin County coroner reported.
The Houston Mass Murders came to light because of a telephone call. On August 8, 1973, in Pasadena, Texas, Elmer Wayne Henley, 17, shot dead Dean Corll, a 33-year-old employee of the Houston electric company, and then called the Pasadena police himself. Two other teenagers, a girl and a young man, had been with them, and both lived.
The young man later testified that he believed Henley’s shots had saved his life. At a hearing in Houston in January 1974 the judge took the two teenagers' evidence partly in chambers, because one of them was a juvenile, The Battalion reported. Authorities ruled the shooting of Corll self-defense, and Henley was never prosecuted for it.
The survivors' account unlocked everything else. Within days Henley and a second accomplice, David Owen Brooks, had led officers to the bodies of 27 boys and young men in three places in southeast Texas. Police described Corll as the leader of the killings and the two teenagers as his procurers. Henley admitted bringing boys to Corll for money. A San Antonio jury convicted him of six of the murders in July 1974; the verdict was reversed on appeal in December 1978, and he was convicted again on retrial in June 1979 and given six life sentences.
He has been refused parole every time since. On November 7, 2025, KPRC reported that the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles had denied him again and set his next review about ten years away. Andy Kahan, the victims' advocate at Crime Stoppers of Houston, who spoke for more than 25 families, put it plainly. "The only reason Elmer Wayne Henley took down Dean Corll was to save his own skin, period," he said.
Robert Black drove a van for a London poster firm, delivering to towns across Britain and to Northern Ireland, and for most of the 1980s no one connected him to the girls who vanished along his routes. He was convicted of kidnapping and murdering four of them: Jennifer Cardy, 9, in County Antrim in 1981; Susan Maxwell, 11, on the Scottish border in 1982; Caroline Hogg, 5, in Edinburgh in 1983; and Sarah Harper, 10, in Morley, near Leeds, in 1986.
In April 1988, in Nottingham, a 15-year-old girl survived an attempted abduction. Six years later that attempt was one of the counts on which Black was convicted at Newcastle upon Tyne Crown Court; the Northern Ireland judge who sentenced him in 2011 described it as false imprisonment, and the press reports called it an attempted abduction.
The girl who brought him down was six. On July 14, 1990, in the Borders village of Stow, she was rescued by police after a witness, David Herkes, a retired sub-postmaster, saw her abducted and alerted them. Black was arrested the same day. She survived, and Black pleaded guilty before Selkirk Sheriff Court to abducting her, with other charges, according to the Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland. Herkes died in 2012. In October 2017 a street in Gorebridge, the Midlothian town where he had spent most of his life, was named David Herkes Way. "If it wasn’t for David how many other kids would there have been?" said Gary Forbes, the bus driver who led the campaign, as the Edinburgh Evening News reported.
The arrest at Stow led detectives back through four years of Black’s fuel receipts and delivery records. In May 1994 he was convicted of the murders of Susan Maxwell, Caroline Hogg and Sarah Harper, together with the Nottingham offense. A jury at Armagh Crown Court convicted him of Jennifer Cardy’s murder on October 27, 2011. He died at HMP Maghaberry on January 12, 2016, aged 68. Devon and Cornwall Police said afterward that he would in all probability have been charged with the 1978 disappearance of Genette Tate, 13, a newspaper delivery girl from Aylesbeare, Devon; he was never charged, and she has not been found.
Rodney Alcala is known to most people as the photographer who won an episode of The Dating Game in September 1978. A decade earlier, on September 25, 1968, an 8-year-old girl was attacked in Los Angeles and survived. A witness who had followed Alcala called the police, and officers found the girl; Alcala escaped. The California Supreme Court set out those events in its 1984 opinion, and Chris Camacho, the Los Angeles officer who answered the call, later described the case to CBS’s 48 Hours.
Alcala was a fugitive for about three years. The FBI put him on its most wanted list, and he was found working at a summer camp in New Hampshire under an assumed name. In 1972 he was convicted over the attack.
In February 2010, after two earlier convictions for the same murder had been reversed, an Orange County jury convicted him of five murders: Robin Samsoe, 12, of Huntington Beach, and four women in Los Angeles County, Jill Barcomb, 18, Georgia Wixted, 27, Charlotte Lamb, 32, and Jill Parenteau, 21. He was sentenced to death on March 30, 2010. In 2012 he pleaded guilty in New York to the murders of Cornelia Crilley and Ellen Hover. He died of natural causes on July 24, 2021, at 77, while still under sentence of death and with his appeal of the 2010 judgment apparently still pending.
In March and April 1984, Dean Phillip Carter attacked women in Southern California. Two of them lived to testify against him.
On March 25, 1984, in San Diego, a woman was attacked and survived. She could not pick her attacker from a photo lineup at first, but she identified Carter at his San Diego trial, and the jury convicted him of forcible rape, forcible oral copulation, burglary and robbery for the crimes against her. On March 29, a 22-year-old woman in Ventura County who had known Carter for about two weeks was assaulted and survived. She testified about the attack at the penalty phase of his Los Angeles County trial, where prosecutors offered it as evidence in aggravation, the California Supreme Court recorded.
The killings followed within days. Susan Knoll and Jillette Mills, both 25, were killed in Culver City on or about April 10, 1984. Bonnie Guthrie, 34, was killed in West Los Angeles about a day later. Janette Cullins was found dead in San Diego on April 14. On April 17 an Arizona Highway Patrol officer stopped Carter near Ash Fork, Arizona. He was driving Jillette Mills’s car.
A Los Angeles County jury convicted him of the murders of Knoll, Mills and Guthrie, including forcible rape of Mills and Guthrie, and returned a verdict of death. A San Diego County jury convicted him of murdering Cullins and sentenced him to death as well, adding a consecutive 21 years and 8 months for the crimes against the San Diego survivor. On August 15, 2005, the California Supreme Court affirmed both judgments, setting aside only a lying-in-wait finding in the San Diego case.
Police attribute five killings and two nonfatal attacks in the northern San Francisco Bay Area, between December 1968 and October 1969, to the unidentified man who called himself the Zodiac. Two young men walked away from those attacks, and for half a century they were among the few people alive who had seen him or heard his voice.
The first was Michael Mageau, 19. On July 4, 1969, in Vallejo, he and his friend Darlene Ferrin, 22, were shot. Ferrin died. Mageau survived and gave investigators a description of the gunman.
The second was Bryan Hartnell, 20, a student at Pacific Union College, a Christian college in Napa County. On September 27, 1969, at Lake Berryessa in Napa County, he and a fellow student, Cecelia Shepard, were attacked by a man in a black hood, as the Washington Examiner’s 2013 account of the case describes him. Shepard died. Hartnell lived. The attacker left a dated message claiming the attack, which UPI later quoted.
On September 30, 1969, KPIX’s Eyewitness News aired an interview with him at Queen of the Valley Hospital in Napa, in which he described how he had tried to survive, and a Napa County sheriff’s captain, Don Townsend, told the station that the attacker was "a pathological, psycho killer." In October 1969, after a man claiming to be the Zodiac called repeatedly into a live morning program on KGO radio, a KRON crew filmed Hartnell outside the station; he said he was not sure whether the voice matched the man at the lake.
The two survivors shaped the long hunt for a name. Mageau identified Arthur Leigh Allen of Vallejo, for decades the leading suspect, and Hartnell said Allen’s voice and appearance were similar to those of his attacker, KQED reported in 2021. Allen’s fingerprints, palm prints and handwriting did not match the evidence, and a partial DNA profile developed in 2002 from a stamp and envelope did not match him either, though the sample was too thin to settle the question. Allen died in 1992 and was never charged. No one has ever been arrested in any of the Zodiac attacks.
Richard Speck was not a serial killer. He killed eight women in a single night, which places his crime among mass murders rather than a series, but the woman who survived it gave American criminal history one of its defining courtroom moments.
On the night of July 13 to 14, 1966, on Chicago’s Far South Side, Speck killed eight student nurses of South Chicago Community Hospital: Gloria Davy, Patricia Matusek, Nina Jo Schmale, Pamela Wilkening, Suzanne Farris, Mary Ann Jordan, Merlita Gargullo and Valentina Pasion. Gargullo and Pasion, both 23, were exchange nurses from the Philippines. Gargullo, a physician’s daughter from Mindoro, had trained at Arellano University; Pasion, a lawyer’s daughter from Jones, Isabela, had graduated in the top ten of her class at Manila Central University.
Corazon Amurao, 23, from Batangas province, had arrived in Chicago on the same flight as Gargullo on May 1, 1966. She survived. Her description of him, and fingerprints left at the scene, led police to Speck. He was arrested about two days later at Cook County Hospital, after a doctor there recognized a tattoo reading "Born to Raise Hell" and called the police, according to the Chicago History Museum.
Four Chicago police officers guarded Amurao from the night of the killings through the trial, which was held at the Peoria County Courthouse in April 1967. The lead prosecutor, William J. Martin, later told WTTW that he took her into the empty courtroom the night before she testified so she would know where she would sit, but never told her how to identify Speck. On the stand, she unlatched the door of the witness box, walked to the defense table and pointed at him from inches away. "This is the man," she said. Martin called it the most dramatic moment he had seen in a courtroom, and described her as one of the most courageous people he would ever meet.
The jury deliberated for less than an hour and found Speck guilty on April 15, 1967, recommending death; in June a judge sentenced him to the electric chair. The sentence did not survive the Supreme Court’s 1972 decision in Furman v. Georgia. In November 1972 he was resentenced to eight consecutive terms totaling 400 to 1,200 years, later reduced. He died at a hospital in Joliet on December 5, 1991, a day before his 50th birthday, of what was believed to have been a heart attack. Amurao went home to the Philippines for a few years, then returned to the United States, settled in the Washington, D.C., area and worked at Georgetown University Hospital, the Philippine Daily Inquirer reported half a century after the killings. She has avoided the press.
Joseph Paul Franklin was a white supremacist who traveled the United States between 1977 and 1980 shooting Black men, interracial couples and Jewish worshippers from hiding. Juries and judges in five jurisdictions convicted him of eight murders. Several of the people he shot lived.
On March 6, 1978, in Lawrenceville, Georgia, where he was fighting misdemeanor obscenity charges, Larry Flynt, the publisher of Hustler, was shot along with his lawyer, Gene Reeves. Both survived. Flynt used a wheelchair afterward, CBS Los Angeles reported in 2013. Franklin later confessed to the shooting, and told authorities he had been angered by Hustler’s interracial photo spreads. A Gwinnett County prosecutor obtained an indictment for aggravated assault, but Franklin was never brought to Georgia for trial, and the charges were eventually dismissed. "I never could justify the expense or the danger of bringing him to Gwinnett County to try him for an aggravated assault," District Attorney Danny Porter told Atlanta magazine.
Other survivors had their day in court. In October 1977, in Richmond Heights, Missouri, Franklin killed Gerald Gordon and wounded two other men, William Ash and Steven Goldman; the jury that sentenced him to death in 1997 also convicted him of assaulting them. On May 29, 1980, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, Vernon Jordan, the president of the National Urban League, was shot and survived. A federal jury acquitted Franklin of violating Jordan’s civil rights in 1982; in 1996 he told Indianapolis newspapers that he had done it, but the double jeopardy rule meant he could not be tried again, and in law the shooting remains one of which he was acquitted.
Missouri set Franklin’s execution for November 20, 2013. The man he had paralyzed fought it. In a guest column for The Hollywood Reporter, Flynt wrote that he did not want to see Franklin executed and that "the sole motivating factor behind the death penalty is vengeance, not justice," CBS Los Angeles reported, and he and the Missouri chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union went to court for records of how the state carried out executions. He also told Missourinet that he had no desire to meet the man. The execution went ahead at Bonne Terre, Missouri, on the morning of November 20, 2013. Franklin made no final statement.
Gary Ridgway pleaded guilty on November 5, 2003, to 48 counts of aggravated first-degree murder, most of the killings dating from 1982 to 1984 along Pacific Highway South near Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, and in 2011 he pleaded guilty to a 49th. He had been arrested on November 30, 2001, and charged at first with four of the murders.
One woman got away. She survived an attack by Ridgway around 1982 and later told Green River investigators about it, in the mid-1980s. When police questioned Ridgway, he claimed he had acted in self-defense, according to search warrant affidavits made public after his arrest and reported by KOMO News. No charge resulted.
He is serving 49 consecutive life terms without the possibility of release.
On November 8, 1974, in Murray, Utah, a young woman survived an attempted abduction, the Associated Press recounted in a 2000 report printed by the Deseret News. In August 1975 a Utah Highway Patrol sergeant, Bob Hayward, arrested Ted Bundy after a traffic stop in the Salt Lake Valley. On October 2, 1975, the young woman and two other women picked Bundy out of a lineup. On March 1, 1976, Judge Stewart Hanson convicted him of aggravated kidnapping and sentenced him to up to 15 years. It was the only conviction any state other than Florida ever obtained against him.
On January 15, 1978, in Tallahassee, Florida, after escaping from custody in Colorado, Bundy killed two members of the Chi Omega sorority at Florida State University, Margaret Bowman, 21, and Lisa Levy, 20. Two of their sorority sisters, Kathy Kleiner, 20, and her roommate, Karen Chandler, were attacked and survived. The same night, Cheryl Thomas, a dance major at the university, was attacked nearby and survived; she later said she owed her life to neighbors who called for help.
All three testified at his Miami trial in 1979, where he was convicted of the two murders and three attempted murders; the Florida Supreme Court affirmed in 1984. Kleiner told the jury she could not identify him because she had never seen his face. Chandler said her goal was to tell her story and never look at him. Thomas said she wanted the jury to see a real person he had hurt. Bundy was executed in Florida’s electric chair at Starke on January 24, 1989.
What the three did afterward was its own answer. Kleiner married, raised a son and took a job at a lumber yard to rebuild her confidence, and now speaks publicly. "I don’t want to take that opportunity I was given and not do good with it," she told CBS News. Chandler moved back into the Chi Omega house when she recovered. "I was a victim until I walked out of that hospital. I was a survivor until he was executed," she said. Thomas kept dancing, earned a master’s degree at Gallaudet University and went on to work with hearing-impaired dancers. "I want to be more than Cheryl Thomas that was attacked by Bundy," she said. "I want to just be Cheryl Thomas."
Peter Sutcliffe, a Bradford truck driver, killed 13 women in West Yorkshire and Manchester between 1975 and 1980. At the Old Bailey on April 29, 1981, he pleaded guilty to seven attempted murders, and on May 22 a jury convicted him of all 13 murders after the judge refused to accept pleas of manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility.
On May 9, 1976, Marcella Claxton was attacked in Leeds. She survived and gave the police a description and a photofit that later proved accurate, but she was ruled out of the series because she did not fit the police’s picture of the women the killer was targeting, the Press Association reported. After Sutcliffe’s death in November 2020 she said she still lived with what he had done to her. The attack on her was one of the seven attempted murders to which he pleaded guilty.
She was not the only survivor the inquiry failed to hear. In August 1975 a 14-year-old girl was attacked in Silsden, near Keighley, and survived; Sutcliffe was never charged, but the High Court listed the attack in 2010 as an attempted murder he had admitted. In December 1977 a woman attacked in Leeds gave a description later judged a "remarkable likeness" of Sutcliffe, and police dismissed her as unreliable, the Yorkshire Post reported. Several survivors who had heard their attacker speak said he sounded like a local man, at a time when detectives were chasing a hoax tape in a Sunderland accent.
Sutcliffe was caught by two Sheffield officers checking false number plates on January 2, 1981. He died in custody on November 13, 2020. On the day he died, the chief constable of West Yorkshire apologized for the language and tone the original investigation had used about the women he attacked.
Between July 1976 and July 1977 a gunman attacked young people in the Bronx, Queens and Brooklyn. Thirteen people were shot in eight attacks; six died. The man who called himself "Son of Sam" in letters to the police was David Berkowitz, a 24-year-old postal worker from Yonkers, arrested on August 10, 1977. On May 8, 1978, against his lawyers' advice, he pleaded guilty to all six murders, and the counts covering the people he wounded were part of the same pleas.
The first to survive him was Jody Valenti. On July 29, 1976, in the Bronx, she and her friend Donna Lauria, 18, were shot. Lauria died. Valenti was wounded and lived.
Carl Denaro was next. On October 23, 1976, in Flushing, Queens, he was shot while with Rosemary Keenan, 18, who was not hurt, the Queens Chronicle reported. Denaro survived, spent weeks in the hospital and had to give up a place in the U.S. Air Force. Forty years later he told the Associated Press, "I’m the luckiest man alive, I really am," and said he had not let the shooting define him.
On November 27, 1976, in Floral Park, Queens, two young women were shot. One of them was Joanne Lomino, 18. Both survived, CBS News reported. In June 1977, in Bayside, Queens, a young couple were shot, and both survived.
The last attack fell on a couple on their first date. On July 31, 1977, in Brooklyn, Stacy Moskowitz and Robert Violante, both 20, were shot. Stacy Moskowitz died the next day. Violante survived. A parking ticket written near the scene that night helped lead detectives to Berkowitz’s car. At a sentencing hearing in May 1978, when Berkowitz chanted an insult about Stacy Moskowitz in court, Violante shouted back that he should be killed.
The three judges gave Berkowitz the maximum, 25 years to life for each murder. He has been eligible for parole since 2002 and has been refused at every hearing; CBS News reported in May 2024 that the board had turned him down after his 12th appearance.
The survivors in these cases share no single fate. Some testified within months; others waited years to be asked. One was talked into calling her attack an accident, and another was ruled out of the inquiry that might have used her photofit. A teenage boy’s half-remembered license plate ended a summer of terror in Los Angeles, and a retired postmaster’s call to the police ended Robert Black’s years on the road. What they have in common is narrower and harder: each of them was meant to be one more name on a list, and each of them came back to tell what happened.
• July 13 to 14, 1966: Richard Speck kills eight student nurses in Chicago; Corazon Amurao survives.
• April 15, 1967: Speck convicted in Peoria after Amurao identifies him in court.
• September 25, 1968: Rodney Alcala attacks an 8-year-old girl in Los Angeles; she survives.
• July 4, 1969: Michael Mageau survives the attack in Vallejo in which Darlene Ferrin is killed.
• September 27, 1969: Bryan Hartnell survives the attack at Lake Berryessa in which Cecelia Shepard is killed.
• August 8, 1973: Elmer Wayne Henley shoots Dean Corll in Pasadena, Texas; two other teenagers survive.
• November 8, 1974: a young woman escapes Ted Bundy in Murray, Utah.
• March 1, 1976: Bundy convicted of aggravated kidnapping in Utah.
• May 9, 1976: Marcella Claxton survives an attack by Peter Sutcliffe in Leeds.
• July 29, 1976: Jody Valenti survives the Bronx shooting in which Donna Lauria is killed.
• October 23, 1976: Carl Denaro shot in Flushing, Queens; he survives.
• July 31, 1977: Robert Violante survives the Brooklyn shooting in which Stacy Moskowitz is fatally wounded.
• August 10, 1977: David Berkowitz arrested.
• October 8, 1977: Joseph Paul Franklin kills Gerald Gordon in Richmond Heights, Missouri, and wounds two other men.
• January 15, 1978: Kathy Kleiner, Karen Chandler and Cheryl Thomas survive Bundy’s attacks in Tallahassee.
• March 6, 1978: Larry Flynt and Gene Reeves shot in Lawrenceville, Georgia.
• May 8, 1978: Berkowitz pleads guilty to six murders.
• May 29, 1980: Vernon Jordan shot and wounded in Fort Wayne, Indiana.
• January 2, 1981: Sutcliffe arrested in Sheffield.
• May 22, 1981: Sutcliffe convicted of 13 murders; he had pleaded guilty to 7 attempted murders.
• About 1982: a woman escapes Gary Ridgway near Seattle.
• March 25 and 29, 1984: two women survive attacks by Dean Phillip Carter in San Diego and Ventura County.
• April 17, 1984: Carter arrested near Ash Fork, Arizona.
• March 17, 1985: Maria Hernandez wounded in Rosemead; Dale Okazaki killed.
• July 5, 1985: a 16-year-old girl survives an attack in Sierra Madre.
• August 5, 1985: Christopher and Virginia Petersen shot in Northridge; both survive.
• Late August 1985: James Romero, 13, memorizes part of a license plate in Mission Viejo.
• August 31, 1985: Ramirez caught by residents of an East Los Angeles street.
• April 1988: a 15-year-old girl resists an abduction attempt in Nottingham.
• September 20, 1989: Ramirez convicted on all 43 counts.
• July 14, 1990: Robert Black arrested at Stow; a six-year-old girl is rescued.
• December 5, 1991: Speck dies in Joliet.
• May 1994: Black convicted of three murders and the Nottingham offense.
• November 30, 2001: Ridgway arrested.
• February 23, 2002: Maria Viricheva survives Alexander Pichushkin’s attack in Bitsa Park.
• November 5, 2003: Ridgway pleads guilty to 48 murders.
• August 15, 2005: California Supreme Court affirms Carter’s death sentences.
• October 2007: Pichushkin convicted of 48 murders and 3 attempted murders.
• November 25, 2010: former Moscow district officer sentenced for refusing to register Viricheva’s complaint.
• October 27, 2011: Black convicted of Jennifer Cardy’s murder.
• June 7, 2013: Ramirez dies in Marin County.
• November 20, 2013: Franklin executed in Missouri.
• January 12, 2016: Black dies in custody.
• November 13, 2020: Sutcliffe dies in custody.
• July 24, 2021: Alcala dies in California.
• May 2024: Berkowitz refused parole after his 12th board appearance.
• November 7, 2025: Henley refused parole again.
• April 2026: NEWS.ru publishes Viricheva’s account of her life since the attack.
• August 2026: Pichushkin serving life at the Polar Owl colony in Kharp.